ISSN: 2375-3935
American Journal of Food Science and Nutrition  
Manuscript Information
 
 
Comparative Study on Extraction and Characterization of Castor Seed and Oil from Three Different State Capitals in Nigeria
American Journal of Food Science and Nutrition
Vol.5 , No. 2, Publication Date: Apr. 10, 2018, Page: 37-42
764 Views Since April 10, 2018, 346 Downloads Since Apr. 10, 2018
 
 
Authors
 
[1]    

Jacob Olalekan Arawande, Chemistry Department, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria.

[2]    

Akinyinka Akinnusotu, Science Laboratory Technology Department (Chemistry Unit), Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Nigeria.

 
Abstract
 

Castor oil has versatile applications in various industrial sectors. It has been noted that castor oil differs depending on the geographical location in which the plant is grown. The aim of this study was to investigate the comparative studies of proximate, elemental and physicochemical characteristics of castor seed and oil collected from three different states (Ogbomoso in Oyo, Osogbo in Osun and Akure in Ondo States) of Western Nigeria. Castor seeds were obtained from three different States in South Western Nigeria. The seeds were sun-dried, ground and subjected to mechanical pressing using laboratory hydraulic press to obtain oil. The seeds from each States were separately analysed for proximate and minerals using standard analytical procedures. The extracted oil obtained from the castor seeds from each state was also analysed for physicochemical properties. The proximate analysis showed: % fat (67.41±0.01- 67.22±0.02), % ash (3.17±0.0-3.08±0.02), % protein (15.23±0.04-15.13±0.04). There is no significant difference in proximate parameters except for % fat and % ash contents at p<0.05 level. Physicochemical analyses revealed: % free fatty acid (FFA) 3.86±0.01-3.74±0.05, % specific gravity (SG) 0.62±0.03-0.61±0.01 and saponification value (SV) 124.00±0.00-120.00±0.00 mgKOH/g. The % oil yield ranged between 40.10±0.02-37.50±0.05. Sample from Ogbomoso gave the highest % yield. There is significant difference in the mineral (Na, K, Ca and Fe) concentrations from the three locations at p<0.05 level. The highest concentration of Na, K, Ca and Fe were from Ogbomoso (A). Castor seed analysed from the three states were free from heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Co and As).


Keywords
 

Castor Oil, Elemental Analysis, Physicochemical, Free Fatty Acid, Ondo State, Extraction, Heavy Metals


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