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Vol.5 , No. 3, Publication Date: Jul. 8, 2019, Page: 58-62
 free electrons in metals no longer obey Einstein diffusion relation but satisfy a new relation given in this work; 2) a metal with strain gradients at a uniform temperature is no longer an equal-electric potential body even without any external electromagnetic disturbances; 3) a metal possessing non-uniform strains may rectify electric current and behave as a p-n junction; 4) the long-standing physical puzzle for thermoelectric effect of metals, the positive sign of Seebeck coefficient for metals is unraveled by means of both thermal expansion and this effect; 5) a notable electric field maintains across shock wave front; 6) an electrical voltage appears at interface when phase transition happens, offering a new probe to detect phase transitions. In all, this effect may expand one’s fundamental knowledge on metals and find applications in various fields.&picture=http://www.aascit.org/aascit/decorators/img/journal/891.jpg)
| [1] | Yuanjie Huang, Institute of Fluid Physics, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, China. |
As is known, the piezoelectric effect and electrostrictive effect exist in some ceramics and dielectric materials. However, such effects have never been discovered in conventional metals before. Here, strain-induced electric effect in conventional metals was first uncovered theoretically in this work. This effect may exhibit interesting properties: 1) free electrons in metals no longer obey Einstein diffusion relation but satisfy a new relation given in this work; 2) a metal with strain gradients at a uniform temperature is no longer an equal-electric potential body even without any external electromagnetic disturbances; 3) a metal possessing non-uniform strains may rectify electric current and behave as a p-n junction; 4) the long-standing physical puzzle for thermoelectric effect of metals, the positive sign of Seebeck coefficient for metals is unraveled by means of both thermal expansion and this effect; 5) a notable electric field maintains across shock wave front; 6) an electrical voltage appears at interface when phase transition happens, offering a new probe to detect phase transitions. In all, this effect may expand one’s fundamental knowledge on metals and find applications in various fields.
Keywords
Mechanical-electric Coupling, Metals, Strain, Electric Properties
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